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When the voltage is increased does the speed of electrons increase or does the electron density increase?

How does increasing voltage or current affect the power?Will a bulb glow brighter if voltage is increased but current remains the same?If we increase dimensions of a wire, how does electron density change?What happens to the electrons when the voltage is increased?Why does increasing the voltage across and incandescent bulb increase its temperature?Why does the relationship between the voltage across, and the current through, a light bulb look like it doesDoes the brightness/power of each individual bulb change when you add more bulbs in a parallel circuit?How does a voltage increase/decrease affect the electric potential energy of a charge?On what particular thing does the brightness of a light-bulb depend? Current, or power, or voltage?Brightness of lamps

6

$begingroup$

I am just a high school student trying to self study, please excuse me if this question sounds silly to you.

I know that current is a product of the speed of electrons and the electron density.When current is increased it either means that the speed of electrons has increased or it means that the number density of the flowing electrons has increased.

I also know that voltage is directly proportional to current and when voltage increases(without no change in the resistance) the current will also increase.

But my question is, when voltage increases does an increase in the speed of electrons contribute for an increase in current or does an increase in electron density contribute for it.

If it isn't that black and white, then in what proportion will each of the two components increase? Does it randomly increase?

Related question:Say the electron density of a circuit that lights a light bulb increases.When this happens what change will we see in the brightness of the light bulb?I know that when the speed of electrons increase the brightness increases but what will happen when the electron density increases?

electricity electric-current voltage

share|cite|improve this question

edited 15 hours ago

Aditya Bharadwaj

asked 16 hours ago

Aditya BharadwajAditya Bharadwaj

3071111

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  see this hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/miccur.html
  $endgroup$
  – anna v
  15 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  "I also know that voltage is directly proportional to current" - please be careful here as this statement is not true in general, i.e, it is (approximately) true only for so-called ohmic conductors. In particular, it is not true for a light bulb filament.
  $endgroup$
  – Alfred Centauri
  12 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Your question is written as if these were general relations, but all of this only holds for resistors.
  $endgroup$
  – Ben Crowell
  12 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  @BenCrowell What do you mean by "only holds for resistors". I don't understand.
  $endgroup$
  – Aditya Bharadwaj
  9 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  @AlfredCentauri Can you please elaborate on that or suggest links where I can learn the concept required to understand what are saying.Since I really don't know much about electricity and the whole deal, I don't know what you are talking about.
  $endgroup$
  – Aditya Bharadwaj
  9 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  

 | 
show 1 more comment

6

$begingroup$

I am just a high school student trying to self study, please excuse me if this question sounds silly to you.

I know that current is a product of the speed of electrons and the electron density.When current is increased it either means that the speed of electrons has increased or it means that the number density of the flowing electrons has increased.

I also know that voltage is directly proportional to current and when voltage increases(without no change in the resistance) the current will also increase.

But my question is, when voltage increases does an increase in the speed of electrons contribute for an increase in current or does an increase in electron density contribute for it.

If it isn't that black and white, then in what proportion will each of the two components increase? Does it randomly increase?

Related question:Say the electron density of a circuit that lights a light bulb increases.When this happens what change will we see in the brightness of the light bulb?I know that when the speed of electrons increase the brightness increases but what will happen when the electron density increases?

electricity electric-current voltage

share|cite|improve this question

edited 15 hours ago

Aditya Bharadwaj

asked 16 hours ago

Aditya BharadwajAditya Bharadwaj

3071111

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  see this hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/miccur.html
  $endgroup$
  – anna v
  15 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  "I also know that voltage is directly proportional to current" - please be careful here as this statement is not true in general, i.e, it is (approximately) true only for so-called ohmic conductors. In particular, it is not true for a light bulb filament.
  $endgroup$
  – Alfred Centauri
  12 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Your question is written as if these were general relations, but all of this only holds for resistors.
  $endgroup$
  – Ben Crowell
  12 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  @BenCrowell What do you mean by "only holds for resistors". I don't understand.
  $endgroup$
  – Aditya Bharadwaj
  9 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  @AlfredCentauri Can you please elaborate on that or suggest links where I can learn the concept required to understand what are saying.Since I really don't know much about electricity and the whole deal, I don't know what you are talking about.
  $endgroup$
  – Aditya Bharadwaj
  9 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  

 | 
show 1 more comment

$begingroup$

I am just a high school student trying to self study, please excuse me if this question sounds silly to you.

I know that current is a product of the speed of electrons and the electron density.When current is increased it either means that the speed of electrons has increased or it means that the number density of the flowing electrons has increased.

I also know that voltage is directly proportional to current and when voltage increases(without no change in the resistance) the current will also increase.

But my question is, when voltage increases does an increase in the speed of electrons contribute for an increase in current or does an increase in electron density contribute for it.

If it isn't that black and white, then in what proportion will each of the two components increase? Does it randomly increase?

Related question:Say the electron density of a circuit that lights a light bulb increases.When this happens what change will we see in the brightness of the light bulb?I know that when the speed of electrons increase the brightness increases but what will happen when the electron density increases?

electricity electric-current voltage

share|cite|improve this question

edited 15 hours ago

Aditya Bharadwaj

asked 16 hours ago

Aditya BharadwajAditya Bharadwaj

3071111

$endgroup$

share|cite|improve this question

edited 15 hours ago

Aditya Bharadwaj

asked 16 hours ago

Aditya BharadwajAditya Bharadwaj

3071111

share|cite|improve this question

edited 15 hours ago

Aditya Bharadwaj

asked 16 hours ago

Aditya BharadwajAditya Bharadwaj

3071111

asked 16 hours ago

Aditya BharadwajAditya Bharadwaj

3071111

asked 16 hours ago

Aditya BharadwajAditya Bharadwaj

3071111

2 Answers
2

active

oldest

votes

8

$begingroup$

In a conductive material such as a metal, for all practical purposes, current depends only on the speed of the electrons. The electron density does not change because each metal atom has already given up all of its valence electrons; releasing further electrons would require a very large energy input.

In an insulator or semiconductor, the density of charge carriers may increase during electrical breakdown. This occurs in avalanche diodes, neon lights, lightning bolts, and elsewhere.

share|cite|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

ThorondorThorondor

1,651525

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Can you please answer my second question also.
  $endgroup$
  – Aditya Bharadwaj
  13 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  @AdityaBharadwaj Aluminum has a higher electron density than copper, so your second question is equivalent to: what happens if we take all of the wires that connect the light bulb to a power source and change them from copper to aluminum? Intuitively, the answer should be "nothing changes." The reason is that since the light bulb is far more resistive than anything else in the circuit, the amount of current flowing through the circuit is governed by the behavior of the light bulb, not the wires. If the electron density increases, the electron speed decreases proportionately.
  $endgroup$
  – Thorondor
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

-2

$begingroup$

Current is the amount of charge (electrons) passing a point in a wire per unit time. Voltage is the amount of energy in joule in every charge of 1 coulomb moving through the wire. Increase in current translates to increase in speed of electrons moving past our reference point. Electron density in a wire remain relatively constant even at high wire temperature.

share|cite|improve this answer

edited 1 hour ago

answered 15 hours ago

TechDroidTechDroid

1317

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  3
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  "The amount of coulomb" doesn't make sense (it's like saying "the amount of metre") . You mean the amount of charge. Also "voltage" doesn't "move through the wire".
  $endgroup$
  – alephzero
  13 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  I assumed people are going to understand without too much specificity. I'll make amends.
  $endgroup$
  – TechDroid
  1 hour ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

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8

$begingroup$

In a conductive material such as a metal, for all practical purposes, current depends only on the speed of the electrons. The electron density does not change because each metal atom has already given up all of its valence electrons; releasing further electrons would require a very large energy input.

In an insulator or semiconductor, the density of charge carriers may increase during electrical breakdown. This occurs in avalanche diodes, neon lights, lightning bolts, and elsewhere.

share|cite|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

ThorondorThorondor

1,651525

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Can you please answer my second question also.
  $endgroup$
  – Aditya Bharadwaj
  13 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  @AdityaBharadwaj Aluminum has a higher electron density than copper, so your second question is equivalent to: what happens if we take all of the wires that connect the light bulb to a power source and change them from copper to aluminum? Intuitively, the answer should be "nothing changes." The reason is that since the light bulb is far more resistive than anything else in the circuit, the amount of current flowing through the circuit is governed by the behavior of the light bulb, not the wires. If the electron density increases, the electron speed decreases proportionately.
  $endgroup$
  – Thorondor
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

8

$begingroup$

In a conductive material such as a metal, for all practical purposes, current depends only on the speed of the electrons. The electron density does not change because each metal atom has already given up all of its valence electrons; releasing further electrons would require a very large energy input.

In an insulator or semiconductor, the density of charge carriers may increase during electrical breakdown. This occurs in avalanche diodes, neon lights, lightning bolts, and elsewhere.

share|cite|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

ThorondorThorondor

1,651525

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Can you please answer my second question also.
  $endgroup$
  – Aditya Bharadwaj
  13 hours ago
  
  
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  @AdityaBharadwaj Aluminum has a higher electron density than copper, so your second question is equivalent to: what happens if we take all of the wires that connect the light bulb to a power source and change them from copper to aluminum? Intuitively, the answer should be "nothing changes." The reason is that since the light bulb is far more resistive than anything else in the circuit, the amount of current flowing through the circuit is governed by the behavior of the light bulb, not the wires. If the electron density increases, the electron speed decreases proportionately.
  $endgroup$
  – Thorondor
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

$begingroup$

In a conductive material such as a metal, for all practical purposes, current depends only on the speed of the electrons. The electron density does not change because each metal atom has already given up all of its valence electrons; releasing further electrons would require a very large energy input.

In an insulator or semiconductor, the density of charge carriers may increase during electrical breakdown. This occurs in avalanche diodes, neon lights, lightning bolts, and elsewhere.

share|cite|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

ThorondorThorondor

1,651525

$endgroup$

share|cite|improve this answer

answered 15 hours ago

ThorondorThorondor

1,651525

answered 15 hours ago

ThorondorThorondor

1,651525

answered 15 hours ago

ThorondorThorondor

1,651525

-2

$begingroup$

Current is the amount of charge (electrons) passing a point in a wire per unit time. Voltage is the amount of energy in joule in every charge of 1 coulomb moving through the wire. Increase in current translates to increase in speed of electrons moving past our reference point. Electron density in a wire remain relatively constant even at high wire temperature.

share|cite|improve this answer

edited 1 hour ago

answered 15 hours ago

TechDroidTechDroid

1317

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  3
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  "The amount of coulomb" doesn't make sense (it's like saying "the amount of metre") . You mean the amount of charge. Also "voltage" doesn't "move through the wire".
  $endgroup$
  – alephzero
  13 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  I assumed people are going to understand without too much specificity. I'll make amends.
  $endgroup$
  – TechDroid
  1 hour ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

-2

$begingroup$

Current is the amount of charge (electrons) passing a point in a wire per unit time. Voltage is the amount of energy in joule in every charge of 1 coulomb moving through the wire. Increase in current translates to increase in speed of electrons moving past our reference point. Electron density in a wire remain relatively constant even at high wire temperature.

share|cite|improve this answer

edited 1 hour ago

answered 15 hours ago

TechDroidTechDroid

1317

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  3
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  "The amount of coulomb" doesn't make sense (it's like saying "the amount of metre") . You mean the amount of charge. Also "voltage" doesn't "move through the wire".
  $endgroup$
  – alephzero
  13 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  I assumed people are going to understand without too much specificity. I'll make amends.
  $endgroup$
  – TechDroid
  1 hour ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

$begingroup$

Current is the amount of charge (electrons) passing a point in a wire per unit time. Voltage is the amount of energy in joule in every charge of 1 coulomb moving through the wire. Increase in current translates to increase in speed of electrons moving past our reference point. Electron density in a wire remain relatively constant even at high wire temperature.

share|cite|improve this answer

edited 1 hour ago

answered 15 hours ago

TechDroidTechDroid

1317

$endgroup$

share|cite|improve this answer

edited 1 hour ago

answered 15 hours ago

TechDroidTechDroid

1317

answered 15 hours ago

TechDroidTechDroid

1317

answered 15 hours ago

TechDroidTechDroid

1317